Nuclear Powered Bomber - Nuclear power has also made a comeback in recent years, thanks to Russia's long-fought 9M730 Burevestnik.
, missiles, but the concept behind nuclear-powered flight is new. In fact, the United States is growing
Nuclear Powered Bomber
In its weapons bay it had to be dropped down the bomb bays into the underground shelters for storage between flights. Believe it or not… it only gets crazy from there.
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In theory, a nuclear bomb could stay in the air for weeks at a time (if not longer) and reach a target on Earth without needing to be loaded, to or filling. Today, in an era of global ballistic missiles with a very global reach and submarine-launched balloon missiles that can be launched from 70% of the world, maintaining the bombs in the air for weeks were derisive, but for the better part of the Cold War. (especially from 1960 to 1968), ie
Operation Chrome Dome and similar operations saw the United States have three nuclear-armed B-52s on 24-hour alert status, flying routes over the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, and the Pacific Ocean near Alaska. A nuclear bomb carrying nuclear weapons can be equipped with little logistical support and only need to be loaded or returned for the benefit of the crew. By the early 1950s, the type of bomb had certainly changed.
The B-36 may have been a Cold War bomber that went out of service before the late 1950s, but in terms of size, it has no equivalent today. With a wingspan of 230 feet, the B-36 still holds the title of longest wingspan.
Airline booking. In fact, the wingspan is so large that you could put the wingspan of a B-52 Stratofortress on top of a B-36.
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Those figures are impressive today, but it's important to remember that when the B-36 first entered service in 1948, America was still flying.
The name comes from the fact that the bomb was specially designed: a nuclear weapon was placed on the head of the world. With a range of 10,000 miles, the B-36 can out-fly American aircraft carriers and deliver 86,000 pounds of nuclear warheads to targets in other countries. For updates, that's 15,000 pounds
Than America's go-to nuclear bomber, the B-52. ICBMs were developed during the B-36's existence, but during the short period of operation, it became clear that America's most peaceful weapon was the world's best method of delivering nuclear weapons.
Propelling the massive B-36 across the Atlantic Ocean was the responsibility of Pratt & Whitney 3600 hp, R4360-53 radial piston engines working in conjunction with General Electric 13,500 lb J47-19 turbojets. That combination of radial piston engines and turbojets gave it a top speed of 435 mph and its impressive range and payload.
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But Russia's first atomic bomb test in 1949 was recognized by the United States. It's not the undisputed nuclear heavyweight of the previous four years. America needed a strong and focused attitude
A weapon to assert its control over the Soviet Union and other potential threats on the horizon. That project gave birth to the Nuclear Energy for the Propulsion of Aircraft (NEPA) program and later the Aviation Nuclear Propulsion (ANP) program.
America doesn't just use nuclear weapons to destroy its enemies. He uses nuclear power to fly them there.
Follow the plane in research and development at the Conveyor plant in Forth Worth, Texas. (US Air Force photo)
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You can't just connect a nuclear reactor to the radial piston and turbojet engines of the B-36. But Uncle Sam was not in a hurry to abandon a perfect strategic bomb for testing. However, an opportunity arose in 1952, when a hurricane hit Carswell Air Force Base in Texas. Among the vehicles and damaged areas the B-36 required extensive repairs to re-enter service. Convey suggested using the airframe for testing a nuclear weapon rather than relaunching it, and the Army agreed.
Before addressing concerns about launching a nuclear bomb, Conveyor and the Air Force confirmed two things. First, they had to find a nuclear reactor that could meet the aircraft's power output requirements
It fits into the central armament bay of the bomber. Second, it must be ensured that the reactors do not endanger the crew during their long bombing runs.
In an attempt to find a reactor that would work in a nuclear bomb, the Air Force began experimenting with nuclear conversion techniques in early 1944.
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In the end, a system called HTRE-3 was chosen, because of its ability to easily switch between chemical and nuclear power. This means that the system can take off and land using chemical fuel, then once the reactor reaches the proper operating temperature in flight, it can switch to nuclear power for long distances. This failure made the aircraft less reliable, but mostly because of concerns about crashes during takeoff and landing.
The reactor weighed about 35,000 pounds and was not fully attached to the bomber's hull, however.
On the right in one of the plane's bomb bays. Although technically different, this approach allows crews to isolate and lower the reactor to an underground shelter for safety between test flights.
The reactor is powered by four GE J47 nuclear powered piston engines producing 3,800 hp, then boosted by four additional 23.13 kn turbojet engines producing 5,200 lbs of thrust. The HTRE-3 is a direct recirculation system that draws air into the bow of the turbojet and directs it through the assembly and into the reactor core where the air is used for cooling. From there, the superheated air enters another plenum that leads to the turbine section of the engine and exits as a exhaust at the back.
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Expand the details of the NB-36H nose unit. Note that the original name of the aircraft was XB-36H. (US Air Force photo)
To protect the crew, reactor shields were made of cadmium, paraffin wax, beryllium oxide, and steel, but the shielding was not effective in testing, so a new approach combined layers of shielding with some additional protective layer on the reactor. developed on the staff's premises. This approach, called shadow shading, has not only improved performance, it has also become much lighter.
But that's not the end of crew protection. The biggest structural change to the B-36 was the replacement of the entire crew and avionics cabin in favor of a large and flexible cockpit designed for the pilot, copilot, flight engineer, and two nuclear engines on board. . The staff house has a window
The military section was so well protected that you couldn't hear the engines running inside, leading many to compare a nuclear bomb to controlling a submarine. It measured shorter than the original cabin, and after installation, the nose landing gear was adjusted six inches forward to allow more room for the escape hatch.
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All told, the new military unit weighs 12 tons. The back building was not intended to house the crew, so cameras and an internal CCTV system were installed to monitor the reactor and its balanced systems.
Water tanks were added to the bank, to capture the radiation emitted by the aircraft while in flight. Water absorbs radiation due to its hydrogen structure, making it a cheap and effective way of radiation protection. However, it is not the easiest to work with, so it finds its use in aviation and space applications. In the bombing and heavy payload capabilities of the B-36, however, water tanks were no problem.
With a new hull and major modifications to the weapons bay to house the reactor, the super-nuclear bomb is so different from the original Peacemaker that it has a completely new design. And so is the
Because the HTRE-3 propulsion system was designed to operate under chemical control before and after its nuclear reactor was used, the system was ideal for test flights that relied entirely on chemical fuel. when testing reactor performance in flight.
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The NB-36 Crusader first took to the skies in 1955, followed soon after by a number of support aircraft that kept tabs on the nuclear bomber, flying over the abandoned test range in New Mexico. On one of those planes were US Army soldiers assigned to the dangerous task of protecting the area in case of disaster.
In each flight, the NB-36 takes off and takes off using a chemical propellant, after which the reactor turns as it releases the propellant. The carrier and the Air Force continuously monitored the reactor's operation, gathering data on power output, stability and crew safety.
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